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The Eighth Crusade was the second Crusade launched by Louis IX of France, ... Clement IV died in 1268 and, following the longest papal election in history, ...
The numbering of this crusade followed the same history as the first ones, with English histories such as David Hume's The History of England (1754–1761) [43] and Charles Mills' History of the Crusades for the Recovery and Possession of the Holy Land (1820) [44] identifying it as the Third Crusade. The former only considers the follow-on ...
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291 that had the objective of reconquering Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule after the region had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate ...
Lord Edward's Crusade, [2] sometimes called the Ninth Crusade, was a military expedition to the Holy Land under the command of Edward, Duke of Gascony (later king as Edward I) in 1271–1272. In practice an extension of the Eighth Crusade , it was the last of the Crusades to reach the Holy Land before the fall of Acre in 1291 brought an end to ...
Louis IX of France again takes the cross, launching Eighth Crusade against Tunis. His death marked the end of the crusade. [247] 1266. 5 January 1266. Charles I of Anjou and Beatrice of Provence crowned king and queen of Sicily. [296] Mid-January. Clement IV calls for a new expedition to the Holy Land which will become the Eighth Crusade. [297 ...
The Treaty of Tunis was an agreement during the Eighth Crusade.It was signed in November 1270 between the Hafsid Sultan Muhammad I al-Mustansir and Crusaders shortly after Louis IX of France's death.
The Crusades: A History (2nd ed.). Yale Nota Bene. ISBN 0-300-10128-7. Riley-Smith, Jonathan (2002). The Oxford History of the Crusades. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-280312-3. Runciman, Steven (1987). A history of the Crusades. Vol. 3, The Kingdom of Acre and the Late Crusades (reprint; in 1952–1954 1st ed.). Penguin Books.
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