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The Oort cloud (/ ɔːr t, ʊər t /), [1] sometimes called the Öpik–Oort cloud, [2] is theorized to be a vast cloud of icy planetesimals surrounding the Sun at distances ranging from 2,000 to 200,000 AU (0.03 to 3.2 light-years). [3] [note 1] [4] The concept of such a cloud was proposed in 1950 by the Dutch astronomer Jan Oort, in whose ...
An artist's rendering of the Oort cloud and the Kuiper belt (inset). Tyche / ˈ t aɪ k i / was a hypothetical gas giant located in the Solar System's Oort cloud, first proposed in 1999 by astrophysicists John Matese, Patrick Whitman and Daniel Whitmire of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette.
The Kuiper belt, scattered disk, and Oort cloud are three conventional divisions of this volume of space. [1] [nb 1] As of February 2024, the catalog of minor planets contains 1060 numbered TNOs. In addition, there are more than 3,500 unnumbered TNOs, which have been observed since 1993. [3] [4] [5] [6]
The hypothesized Oort cloud is thought to be a spherical cloud of icy bodies extending from outside the Kuiper belt and the scattered disk to halfway to the nearest star. During planet formation interactions of protoplanetary disk objects with the already developed Jupiter and Neptune resulted in the scattered disc and the Oort cloud. [86]
If Halley was once a long-period comet, it is likely to have originated in the Oort cloud, [49] a sphere of cometary bodies around 20,000–50,000 au from the Sun. Conversely the Jupiter-family comets are generally believed to originate in the Kuiper belt , [ 49 ] a flat disc of icy debris between 30 au (Neptune's orbit) and 50 au from the Sun ...
There is evidence that Emanuel Swedenborg first proposed parts of the nebular theory in 1734. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Immanuel Kant , familiar with Swedenborg's work, developed the theory further in 1755, publishing his own Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens , wherein he argued that gaseous clouds ( nebulae ) slowly rotate, gradually ...
This is a list of parabolic and hyperbolic comets in the Solar System.Many of these comets may come from the Oort cloud, or perhaps even have interstellar origin. The Oort Cloud is not gravitationally attracted enough to the Sun to form into a fairly thin disk, like the inner Solar System.
The Oort cloud is sometimes called "Öpik-Oort cloud". The Comet Interceptor's Optical Periscopic Imager for Comets (OPIC) instrument is named after Ernst Öpik to celebrate the first Estonia's contribution to a science mission of the European Space Agency. [9] The asteroid 2099 Öpik is named in his honour.