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Soil deposit Description Image Alluvial soil Alluvial soil have been deposited by the Indus, the Ganges, and the Brahmaputra rivers. The entire northern plains (including parts of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar (Almost entirely), Chandigarh, Delhi (almost entirely), Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal) are made of alluvial ...
Bhangar soils are less fertile as they are above flood level whereas Khadar soils are more fertile as they are below the flood level. Bhanger is full of kankers (lime nodules) while khadar soil is composed of fine silt and clay. It is fertile land as it contains alluvial soil deposited by rivers.
Old alluvium is found rather away from river courses, especially on uplands of the plain where silting is a rare phenomenon. [8] A large number of small and usually seasonal rivers flow through the Terai, most of which originate in the Sivalik Hills. The soil in the Terai is alluvial and fine to medium textured.
Soils in India can be classified into eight categories: alluvial, black, red, laterite, forest, arid and desert, saline and alkaline and peaty and organic soils. [89] [90] Alluvial soil constitute the largest soil group in India, constituting 80% of the total land surface. [90] It is derived from the deposition of silt carried by rivers and are ...
Bhabar is the gently-sloping coarse alluvial zone below the Sivalik Hills (outermost foothills of the Himalayas) where streams disappear into permeable sediments. The underground water level is deep in this region, then rises to the surface in the Terai below where coarse alluvium gives way to less permeable silt and clay.
Due to its rich water resources and fertile alluvial soil, it is one of the world's most densely populated and intensely farmed areas. [ 23 ] [ 29 ] [ 30 ] The eastern part of the plain receives heavy rainfall during the monsoon after the summer, which commonly results in floods and inundations.
Bihar is in Indo-Gangetic plain so naturally fertile soil is one asset of the state. [citation needed] Thus Indo-Gangetic plain's soil is the backbone of agricultural and industrial development. The Indo-Gangetic plain in Bihar consists of a thick alluvial mantle of drift origin overlying in most part, the siwalik and older tertiary rocks.
The soil has large amounts of minerals and nutrients, which is good for agriculture. It is composed of a labyrinth of channels , swamps , lakes, and flood plain sediments (chars). The Gorai-Madhumati River , one of the distributaries of the Ganges, divides the Ganges Delta into two parts: the geologically young, active, eastern delta, and the ...