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Stoicism considers all existence as cyclical, the cosmos as eternally self-creating and self-destroying (see also Eternal return). Stoicism does not posit a beginning or end to the Universe. [32] According to the Stoics, the logos was the active reason or anima mundi pervading and animating the entire Universe. It was conceived as material and ...
The Stoics grounded their ethics in the belief that the world was rational, ordered, and structured. [1] Only by living according to nature (human nature and cosmic nature) can humans flourish. [ 2 ] Since nature is rational, only a life lived according to reason, i.e. according to virtue ( aretē ), will allow for a life that is smooth ...
Aristo of Chios (Greek: Ἀρίστων ὁ Χῖος Ariston ho Chios; fl. c. 260 BC), also spelled Ariston, was a Greek Stoic philosopher and colleague of Zeno of Citium. [1] He outlined a system of Stoic philosophy that was, in many ways, closer to earlier Cynic philosophy.
Leibniz then claims that the only possible reason for the choice between these possible worlds is "the fitness or the degree of perfection" which they possess – i.e., the quality which makes worlds better than others, so that the world with the greatness "fitness" or "perfection" is the best one.
The nature of the universe is such that it accomplishes what is right and prevents the opposite, [59] and is identified with unconditional Fate, [60] while allowing it the free-will attributed to it. [52] According to Zeno's beliefs, "[t]rue happiness" can only be found by obeying natural laws and living in tune with the course of fate. [61]
Image credits: viralsumo1 #6. 1. Gentle Admittedly men are quite strong and can sometimes come off as a bull in a China shop. When a man is considerate and gentle, it genuinely makes my heart melt.
This is a list of Stoic philosophers, ordered (roughly) by date. [Note: Some other philosophers like Socrates and Cynics were the big influencers in Stoicism and are founded quoted by the stoics] The criteria for inclusion in this list are fairly mild.
The Stoic sage was understood to be an inaccessible ideal rather than a concrete reality. [11] The aim of Stoicism was to live a life of virtue, where "virtue consists in a will which is in agreement with Nature." [12] As such, the sage is one who has attained such a state of being and whose life consequently becomes tranquil.