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Lugol's iodine is a liquid made up of two parts potassium iodide for every one part elemental iodine in water. [8] Lugol's iodine was first made in 1829 by the French physician Jean Lugol. [7] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [9] [10] Lugol's iodine is available as a generic medication and over the ...
Wrong timing of iodine use may even increase the risk by triggering the Plummer effect. [10] The Plummer effect is, however, helpful in the management of thyrotoxicosis, where the usage of Lugol’s solution helps to limit the release of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream. [4]
USP Tincture of Iodine is defined in the U.S. National Formulary (NF) as containing in each 100 mL, 1.8 to 2.2 grams of elemental iodine, and 2.1 to 2.6 grams of sodium iodide. Alcohol is 50 mL, and the balance is purified water. This "2% free iodine" solution has 0.08 mol/L of I 2, which provides about 1 mg of free iodine per 0.05 mL drop. The ...
Like other iodide salts, KI forms triiodide (I − 3) when combined with elemental iodine. KI (aq) + I 2 (s) → KI 3 (aq) Unlike I 2, I − 3 salts can be highly water-soluble. Through this reaction, iodine is used in redox titrations. Aqueous KI 3 (Lugol's iodine) solution is used as a disinfectant and as an etchant for gold surfaces.
This allows Lugol's iodine to be produced in strengths varying from 2% to 15% iodine. Elemental iodine (I 2) is poisonous if taken orally in large amounts; 2–3 grams is a lethal dose for an adult human. [71] [72] Iodine vapor is very irritating to the eye, to mucous membranes, and in the respiratory tract.
Both effects operate on different time scales. [14] Only the Wolff–Chaikoff effect is helpful to prevent the thyroid from uptaking radioactive iodine in the case of nuclear emergencies. Therefore, "plummering" with high-dose iodine is only effective in a short time window after the release of radionuclides. [ 15 ]
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