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Imam (/ ɪ ˈ m ɑː m /; Arabic: إمام, imām; pl.: أئمة, a'immah) is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims , Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque .
According to Twelvers, there is at all times an Imam of the era who is the divinely appointed authority on all matters of faith and law in the Muslim community. Ali , a cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was the first of the Twelve Imams, and, in the Twelvers view, the rightful successor to Muhammad , followed by male descendants of Muhammad ...
In Shia Islam, the figure of imam dominates the belief system. [9] Necessarily a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad , [ 10 ] imam is the supreme leader that combines both temporal and religious authorities, [ 11 ] for the two were combined in Muhammad. [ 12 ]
Imam is an Arabic word meaning "Leader". The ruler of a country might be called the Imam, for example. The term, however, has important connotations in the Islamic tradition especially in Shia belief. In Sunni belief, the term is used for the founding scholars of the four Sunni madhhabs, or schools of religious jurisprudence .
Each Imam was the son of the previous Imam, with the exception of Husayn Ibn Ali, who was the brother of Hasan Ibn Ali. [96] The twelfth and final Imam is Muhammad al-Mahdi, who is believed by the Twelvers to be currently alive, and in hiding. [99] The Shi'a Imams are seen as infallible.
Imam Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man is the first of the four imams and the only taabi'i among them. He also had the opportunity to meet a number of the companions of the Prophet. Imam Malik ibn Anas was a sheikh of Imam Shafi'i. Imam Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i was a student of Imam Malik and a sheikh of Imam Ahmad. [2]
The Entrusted Imam is an Imam in the full sense except that the lineage of the Imamate must continue through the Permanent Imam. [23] However, the political Caliphate was soon taken over by Mu'awiya, the only leader in the empire at that time with an army large enough to seize control. [24] [non-primary source needed]
The Imam of Friday Prayer (Arabic: امام صلاة الجمعة), or Imam Jom'a (Jumu'ah), [1] [2] [3] is the person who conducts the Friday prayer in Islam and preaches related sermons. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ]