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Median survival times for dogs of 662-900 days have been observed in pituitary-dependent cases treated with trilostane, and 353-475 days for adrenal-dependent cases treated with trilostane. [14] Survival rates of 72-79% have been observed in dogs with pituitary-dependent Cushing's four years after a hypophysectomy.
Pituitary gland tumors are very common in the canine. A productive form arising from the anterior pituitary is the primary cause of Cushing's disease of dogs. This tumor causes excessive production of cortisol from the adrenal cortex which leads to the classic signs of alopecia (hair loss), polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive water drinking), and a pot-bellied appearance of ...
Rarely a cat may have double adenomas. In a few cases the diagnosis has been pituitary acidophilic hyperplasia. In dogs nearly all cases of acromegaly are caused by endogenous or exogenous progestogens, this causes a hypersecretion of growth hormones from the mammary gland. Pituitary tumours causing excess growth hormone secretion are very rare ...
Hypothyroidism is classified as either primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary hypothyroidism is for when the cause is due to an abnormality of the thyroid gland, secondary hypothyroidism is when the cause is decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and tertiary hypothyroidism is when the cause is an inadequate amount of thyrotropin-releasing hormone being released.
Other cases are caused by various disease processes, [8] [9] [10] including failure of the pituitary gland to secrete ACTH, the hormone which stimulates the adrenal production of cortisol. [5] Hypoadrenocorticism is more frequent in dogs than in humans; in fact, it may occur one hundred times more often in the canine population.
In less than 10% of hypothyroidism cases, the problem is not with the thyroid gland itself, but with the pituitary gland in the brain. The pituitary gland produces a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH); [104] without this hormone to signal the thyroid gland to produce its thyroid hormone, the thyroid gland remains inactive. [102]
The empty sella sign is a radiological finding characterized by the partial or complete filling of the sella turcica with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), causing the pituitary gland to appear flattened or compressed against the walls of the sella. [1] This results in the sella appearing "empty" on imaging, despite the presence of a compressed ...
Hypopituitarism is the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. [1] [2] If there is decreased secretion of one specific pituitary hormone, the condition is known as selective hypopituitarism. [3]