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Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease affecting ruminants, dogs, and horses, [1] and is caused by Anaplasma bacteria. Anaplasmosis is an infectious but not contagious disease. Anaplasmosis can be transmitted through mechanical and biological vector processes.
Anaplasma ovis and Anaplasma mesaeterum in sheep and goats [2] Anaplasma phagocytophilum in dogs, cats, and horses (see human granulocytic anaplasmosis) Anaplasma platys in dogs; The Anaplasma sparouinense species is responsible for a rare zoonosis, the Sparouine anaplasmosis, detected only in French Guiana, South America. [3]
Anaplasma bovis has also been detected in dogs and cats in Japan. [15] [16] China and Taiwan. Research has shown that A. bovis has been detected in areas of China. A study done in Chongqing, China determined that the prevalence of A. bovis within a sample population was 8.4% using blood sample collection and DNA extraction. [17]
Vaccination against Leishmania is an emerging preventive strategy. While no vaccine offers complete immunity, vaccines such as CaniLeish and Letifend are designed to reduce the severity of the disease and prevent clinical signs. Dogs in endemic areas may benefit from combining vaccination with vector control methods.
Ehrlichiosis is a disease caused by Ehrlichia canis and spread by the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Signs include fever, vasculitis, and low blood counts. [6] Rocky Mountain spotted fever* is a rickettsial disease that occurs in dogs and humans. It is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and spread by ticks of the genus Dermacentor.
Skin conditions in dogs are very common, so it's important to recognize the symptoms and understand the factors that cause them. Dr. Rebecca MacMillan, a vet with over 15 years of experience, says ...
Ehrlichiosis in dogs will show obvious symptoms on the later part of infection. This is why some symptoms are already severe when diagnosed. There are three stages of ehrlichia infection - the acute (or the early stage), sub-clinical (symptoms are not yet evident), and clinical or chronic (symptoms are obvious and long-standing).
Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophilum) [2] is a Gram-negative bacterium that is unusual in its tropism to neutrophils. It causes anaplasmosis in sheep and cattle, also known as tick-borne fever and pasture fever , and also causes the zoonotic disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis .