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To have a good estimate of birth weight, ultrasonography or ultrasound during pregnancy and the date of last menstrual period are needed. [23] Measured values from ultrasonography are compared with the growth chart to estimate fetal weight. [24]
Ultrasonography involves an algorithm that incorporates biometric measurements of the fetus, such as biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL), to calculate the estimated fetal weight (EFW). [32] Variability of fetal weight estimations has been linked to differences due to ...
Normal weight at term delivery is 2,500–4,200 g (5 lb 8 oz – 9 lb 4 oz). [citation needed] SGA is not a synonym of low birth weight, very low birth weight, or extremely low birth weight. For example, with a 35-week gestational age delivery, a weight of 2,250 g (4 lb 15 oz) is appropriate for gestational age but is still low birth weight.
Baby weighed as appropriate for gestational age. Birth weight is the body weight of a baby at their birth. [1] The average birth weight in babies of European and African descent is 3.5 kilograms (7.7 lb), with the normative range between 2.5 and 4.0 kilograms (5.5 and 8.8 lb). [2]
An estimated 24% of babies worldwide are born with lower than optimal weights at birth due to lack of proper nutrition. [3] Personal habits such as consumption of alcohol or large amounts of caffeine can negatively and irreversibly affect the development of the baby, which happens in the early stages of pregnancy.
A slow growth rate and preterm birth are the two factors that can cause a low birth weight. Low birth weight (below 2000 grams) can slightly increase the likelihood of schizophrenia. [27] The growth rate can be roughly correlated with the fundal height of the uterus which can be estimated by
Fundal height, or McDonald's rule, is a measure of the size of the uterus used to assess fetal growth and development during pregnancy. It is measured from the top of the mother's uterus to the top of the mother's pubic symphysis.
During continued fetal development, the early body systems, and structures that were established in the embryonic stage continue to develop. Sex organs begin to appear during the third month of gestation. The fetus continues to grow in both weight and length, although the majority of the physical growth occurs in the last weeks of pregnancy.