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There are six classes of drugs, which are usually used in combination, to treat HIV infection. Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are broadly classified by the phase of the retrovirus life-cycle that the drug inhibits. Typical combinations include two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) as a "backbone" along with one non-nucleoside ...
The drug works by inhibiting reverse transcriptase, the enzyme that copies HIV RNA into new viral DNA. By interfering with this process, which is central to the replication of HIV, emtricitabine can help to lower the amount of HIV, or " viral load ", in a patient's body and can indirectly increase the number of immune system cells (namely T ...
People who start taking emtricitabine/tenofovir see HIV reduction benefits up to 72 hours after starting, but the medicine must be taken for thirty days after a high-risk sexual event to ensure HIV transmission levels are optimally reduced. [21] [22] Emtricitabine/tenofovir as PrEP should not be used for individuals who are positive for HIV-1. [7]
HIV protease inhibitors (16 P) I. Integrase inhibitors (13 P) M. Maturation inhibitors (3 P) R. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (2 C, 8 P) Pages in category ...
Raltegravir (Isentress), developed by Merck & Co., was the first INSTI approved by the FDA in October 2007.; Elvitegravir (Vitekta), licensed by Gilead Sciences from Japan Tobacco, was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in August 2012, for use in adults starting HIV treatment for the first time as part of the fixed dose combination with emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil ...
In the United States, intravenous drug users made up 12% of all new cases of HIV in 2009, [74] and in some areas more than 80% of people who inject drugs are HIV-positive. [18] HIV is transmitted in about 90% of blood transfusions using infected blood. [46]
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