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A Byzantine-Mongol Alliance occurred during the end of the 13th and the beginning of the 14th century between the Byzantine Empire and the Mongol Empire. [2] [a] [b] Byzantium attempted to maintain friendly relations with both the Golden Horde and the Ilkhanate realms, [5] and was caught in the middle of growing conflict between the two. [6]
The Mongol invasion of the Latin Empire took place just a year before the Mongols' crushing victory over the Seljuks of Anatolia at the battle of Köse Dağ (26 June 1243). Although Baldwin II had negotiated an alliance with the Seljuks in 1241, it was the Byzantine emperor John III Vatatzes who provided aid to the Seljuks, his erstwhile ...
The Mongols crossed the frozen Danube river in the winter of 1263/1264. [4] They defeated the armies of Michael VIII in the spring of 1264. While most of the defeated army fled, the Byzantine Emperor escaped with the assistance of Italian merchants. After that Thrace was plundered.
Mongol Empire's conquest of Chinese regimes including Western Liao, Jurchen Jin, Song, Western Xia and Dali kingdoms. The Mongols' greatest triumph was when Kublai Khan established the Yuan dynasty in China in 1271. The dynasty created a "Han Army" (漢軍) out of defected Jin troops and an army of defected Song troops called the "Newly ...
Rus'–Byzantine War (860) Kievan Rus' Byzantine Empire: Victory. The historicity of this conflict is questioned: c. 880s, c. 913, 943, 965, c. 1041 [d] Caspian expeditions of the Rus' Kievan Rus' Southern Caspian coastal regions Unclear 907 Rus'–Byzantine War (907) Kievan Rus' Byzantine Empire: Victory [9] 920–1036 Rus'–Pecheneg wars [uk ...
The Mongol Empire did not cause any harm to his plan to recapture Constantinople from the hands of the Latins who also sent their envoy to the Mongols. Vatatzes' successors, the Palaiologan emperors of the restored Byzantine Empire, made an alliance with the Mongols, giving their princesses in marriage to the Mongol khans.
The Mongol conquest of Cumania: Mongol Empire: Kipchaks: Victory 1220–1238 Mongol invasions of Georgia: Mongol Empire: Kingdom of Georgia: Victory 1220-1231 Mongol invasions of Azerbaijan: Mongol Empire: Atabegs of Azerbaijan: Victory 1220–1236 Mongol invasions of Armenia: Mongol Empire: Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia: Victory 1221–1225 ...
The territorial evolution of the Eastern Roman Empire under each imperial dynasty until its demise in 1453. Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, Roman civilization endured in the remaining eastern half of the Roman Empire, often termed by historians as the Byzantine Empire (though it self-identified simply as the "Roman Empire").