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Larger engines have mostly retained the non-free design, although many are two-shaft designs where the 'power' turbine drives the propeller and the low-pressure compressor while the high-pressure compressor has its own turbine. The first free-turbine gas turbine engine was the Bristol Theseus turboprop. [8]
The initial "T700-GE-700" is an ungeared free-turbine turboshaft, with a five-stage axial / one-stage centrifugal mixed-flow compressor, featuring one-piece "blisk" axial stages, with the inlet guide vanes and first two stator stages variable; an annular combustion chamber with central fuel injection to improve combustion and reduce smoke; a ...
The General Electric T64 is a free-turbine turboshaft engine that was originally developed for use on helicopters, but which was later used on fixed-wing aircraft as well. General Electric introduced the engine in 1964. The original engine design included technical innovations such as corrosion resistant and high-temperature coatings. [1]
Free-piston engine used as a gas generator to drive a turbine. A free-piston engine is a linear, 'crankless' internal combustion engine, in which the piston motion is not controlled by a crankshaft but determined by the interaction of forces from the combustion chamber gases, a rebound device (e.g., a piston in a closed cylinder) and a load device (e.g. a gas compressor or a linear alternator).
The turbine that drives the compressor has two stages, with the first stage using single-crystal blades. A free power turbine with two stages drives the propeller through an inner shaft and a gearbox. [16]: 83–84 The engine has replaceable steel blades and vanes, which are more reliable but heavier than titanium. [15]
The Bristol Proteus was the Bristol Engine Company's first mass-produced gas turbine engine design, a turboprop that delivered just over 4,000 hp (3,000 kW). The Proteus was a reverse-flow gas turbine. Because the second turbine drove no compressor stages, but only the propeller, this engine was classified as a free-turbine.
The engine ran about 60 °F (33 °C) hotter than the TPE331-14 in the core. [3] It was Garrett's first free-turbine turboshaft, avoiding the high reduction gear of a single spool turboprop and allowing an easier starting since the gas generator is disengaged from the power turbine. The HP spool turns at 31,500 rpm while the LP spool turns at ...
The first gas turbine engine considered for an armoured fighting vehicle, the GT 101 which was based on the BMW 003 turbojet, was tested in a Panther tank in mid-1944. [4] [page needed] The first turboshaft engine for rotorcraft was built by the French engine firm Turbomeca, led by its founder Joseph Szydlowski. In 1948, they built the first ...