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It is used to route traffic between the global allocation spaces and within customer networks between subnets and the Internet at large. A compliant IPv6 subnet always uses addresses with 64 bits in the host identifier. [12] Given the address size of 128 bits, it therefore has a /64 routing prefix.
For example, in a network with multiple subnets where nodes A and B are located in one subnet and nodes C and D are in another, a partition occurs if the network switch device between the two subnets fails. In that case nodes A and B can no longer communicate with nodes C and D, but all nodes A-D work the same as before.
A backbone or core network is a part of a computer network which interconnects networks, providing a path for the exchange of information between different LANs or subnetworks. [1] A backbone can tie together diverse networks in the same building, in different buildings in a campus environment, or over wide areas.
Communication between layer-3 subnets requires a router. Hosts on a subnet communicate directly using the layer-2 segment that connects them. Most often a subnetwork corresponds exactly with the underlying layer-2 segment but it is also possible to run multiple subnets on a single layer-2 segment.
Network address translation between a private network and the Internet. Network address translation (NAT) is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. [1]
VLANs are data link layer (OSI layer 2) constructs, analogous to Internet Protocol (IP) subnets, which are network layer (OSI layer 3) constructs. In an environment employing VLANs, a one-to-one relationship often exists between VLANs and IP subnets, although it is possible to have multiple subnets on one VLAN.
Interior gateway protocols are used for routing within autonomous systems, while exterior gateway protocols route traffic between them. The former group is exemplified by the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), while the Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) and the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) are examples of the ...
For communication between Operations Systems and NEs (Network Elements), it uses the Common management information protocol (CMIP) or Mediation devices when it uses Q3 interface. The TMN layered organization is used as fundamental basis for the management software of ISDN , B-ISDN , ATM , SDH/SONET and GSM networks.