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The gauss is the unit of magnetic flux density B in the system of Gaussian units and is equal to Mx/cm 2 or g/Bi/s 2, while the oersted is the unit of H-field. One tesla (T) corresponds to 10 4 gauss, and one ampere (A) per metre corresponds to 4π × 10 −3 oersted.
Traditionally, the magnetizing field, H, is measured in amperes per meter. Magnetic induction B (also known as magnetic flux density) has the SI unit tesla [T or Wb/m 2]. [1] One tesla is equal to 10 4 gauss. Magnetic field drops off as the inverse cube of the distance ( 1 / distance 3 ) from a dipole source.
In the CGS system, the unit of the H-field is the oersted and the unit of the B-field is the gauss. In the SI system, the unit ampere per meter (A/m), which is equivalent to newton per weber, is used for the H-field and the unit of tesla is used for the B-field. [3]
S/m kg −1 ⋅m −3 ⋅s 3 ⋅A 2: B magnetic flux density, magnetic induction: tesla: T = Wb/m 2 = N⋅A −1 ⋅m −1: kg⋅s −2 ⋅A −1: Φ, Φ M, Φ B magnetic flux: weber: Wb = V⋅s kg⋅m 2 ⋅s −2 ⋅A −1: H magnetic field strength ampere per metre: A/m A⋅m −1: F magnetomotive force: ampere: A = Wb/H A R magnetic ...
The tesla (symbol: T) is the unit of magnetic flux density (also called magnetic B-field strength) in the International System of Units (SI). One tesla is equal to one weber per square metre .
One difference between the Gaussian and SI systems is in the factor 4π in various formulas that relate the quantities that they define. With SI electromagnetic units, called rationalized, [3] [4] Maxwell's equations have no explicit factors of 4π in the formulae, whereas the inverse-square force laws – Coulomb's law and the Biot–Savart law – do have a factor of 4π attached to the r 2.
The maximum energy product is defined based on the magnetic hysteresis saturation loop (B-H curve), in the demagnetizing portion where the B and H fields are in opposition. It is defined as the maximal value of the product of B and H along this curve (actually, the maximum of the negative of the product, −BH, since they have opposing signs):
The energy of a localized magnetic charge q m in a magnetic scalar potential is =, and of a magnetic charge density distribution ρ m in space =, where µ 0 is the vacuum permeability. This is analog to the energy Q = q V E {\displaystyle Q=qV_{E}} of an electric charge q in an electric potential V E {\displaystyle V_{E}} .