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  2. Mental accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_accounting

    An example of mental accounting is people's willingness to pay more for goods when using credit cards than if they are paying with cash. [1] This phenomenon is referred to as payment decoupling. Mental accounting (or psychological accounting ) is a model of consumer behaviour developed by Richard Thaler that attempts to describe the process ...

  3. S. H. Foulkes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._H._Foulkes

    S. H. Foulkes (/ f ʊ k s / FUUKS; born Siegmund Heinrich Fuchs; 3 September 1898 – 8 July 1976) was a German-British psychiatrist and psychoanalyst.He developed a theory of group behaviour that led to his founding of group analysis, a variant of group therapy.

  4. Four stages of competence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_stages_of_competence

    The four stages of competence arranged as a pyramid. In psychology, the four stages of competence, or the "conscious competence" learning model, relates to the psychological states involved in the process of progressing from incompetence to competence in a skill. People may have several skills, some unrelated to each other, and each skill will ...

  5. Transactional analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional_analysis

    Transactional analysis integrates the theories of psychology and psychotherapy because it has elements of psychoanalytic, humanist and cognitive ideas. According to the International Transactional Analysis Association, [7] TA "is a theory of personality and a systematic psychotherapy for personal growth and personal change."

  6. Goal pursuit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal_pursuit

    Goal progress is a measure of advancement toward accomplishment of a goal. [2] Perceptions of progress often impact human motivation to pursue a goal. [3] Hull (1932, 1934) developed the goal gradient hypothesis, which posits that motivation to accomplish a goal increases monotonically from the goal initiation state to the goal ending state.

  7. Social cognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_cognition

    One theory of social cognition is social schema theory, although it is not the basis of all social cognition studies (for example, see attribution theory). [11] Social schema theory builds on and uses terminology from schema theory in cognitive psychology, which describes how ideas or " concepts " are represented in the mind and how they are ...

  8. Postformal thought - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postformal_thought

    Developmental psychology initially focused on childhood development through Jean Piaget's four stages of human cognitive development, the last stage of which is known as the formal operational stage. Extending developmental psychology to adults, most neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development have posited one or more stages of postformal ...

  9. Developmental stage theories - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_stage_theories

    In psychology, developmental stage theories are theories that divide psychological development into distinct stages which are characterized by qualitative differences in behavior. [ 1 ] There are several different views about psychological and physical development and how they proceed throughout the life span.