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Below is a list of RAL Classic colours [1] from the RAL colour standard. Alongside every colour, the corresponding values are given for: hexadecimal triplet for the sRGB colour space, approximating the given RAL colour; sRGB value; Grey value calculated from (0.2126 × red) + (0.7152 × green) + (0.0722 × blue) [12] CIE L*a*b* values
The CMYK color model (also known as process color, or four color) is a subtractive color model, based on the CMY color model, used in color printing, and is also used to describe the printing process itself. The abbreviation CMYK refers to the four ink plates used: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (most often black).
RAL is a colour management system used in Europe that is created and administered by the German RAL gGmbH [1] (RAL non-profit LLC), which is a subsidiary of the German RAL Institute . In colloquial speech, RAL refers to the RAL Classic system, mainly used for varnish and powder coating , but now plastics as well.
The CMYK model adds a black primary to improve the darkness of blacks, where the CMY model can only mix to dark gray or only achieves black inefficiently, i.e. by using lots of the primary pigments. In the CMY model, an equal mixture of cyan and magenta is blue , an equal mixture of magenta and yellow is red and an equal mixture of yellow and ...
CMYK is used in the printing process, because it describes what kinds of inks are needed to be applied so the light reflected from the substrate and through the inks produces a given color. One starts with a white substrate (canvas, page, etc.), and uses ink to subtract color from white to create an image.
This image demonstrates the difference between how colors will look on a computer monitor (RGB) compared to how they might reproduce in a particular CMYK print process. Colors can be created in printing with color spaces based on the CMYK color model, using the subtractive primary colors of pigment (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black).
Unlike the RGB and CMYK color models, CIELAB is designed to approximate human vision. The L* component closely matches human perception of lightness, though it does not take the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect into account. CIELAB is less uniform in the color axes, but is useful for predicting small differences in color.
In inkjet color printing and typical mass production photomechanical printing processes, a black ink K (Key) component is included, resulting in the CMYK color model. The black ink serves to cover unwanted tints in dark areas of the printed image, which result from the imperfect transparency of commercially practical CMY inks; to improve image ...