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The modern English Standard Version provides the footnote "16:8 The meaning of Azazel is uncertain; possibly the name of a place or a demon, traditionally a scapegoat; also verses 10, 26". Most scholars accept the indication of some kind of demon or deity, [ 15 ] however Judit M. Blair notes that this is an argument without supporting ...
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" (NIV, Leviticus 16:7–8) In the Bible, a scapegoat is one of a pair of kid goats that is released into the wilderness, taking with it all sins and impurities, while the other is sacrificed. The concept first appears in the Book of Leviticus, in which a goat is designated to be cast into the desert to carry away the sins of the community.
Azazel is a name possibly occurring in the book of Leviticus, and the subject of discussion in Rabbinic and Patristic literature.
The goat would "carry on itself all their sins to a solitary place; and the man must release it in the desert" (niv). Leviticus also says that "the man who releases the goat for Azazel must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may come into the camp" (16:26, niv)
Paul Casanova and Steven M. Wasserstrom read the name as ‘Uzayl (عزيل), a variant of Asael (Enoch 6:8) or ‘Azazel (Leviticus 16:8), who is identified as the leader of the fallen angels called "sons of God" in Genesis 6:2.
Apart from minor variants, the main interest of the text lies in its use of ΙΑΩ (Iaō) to translate the tetragrammaton in Leviticus 3:12 (frg. 6) and 4:27 (frg. 20). 6) and 4:27 (frg. 20). The presence of the name of God in this ancient manuscript has supported the conclusion of some scholars that this was the original form in the Septuagint ...
Leviticus 16:3–25 and 23:27 and Numbers 29:8–11 command offerings to God. And Leviticus 16:31 and 23:31 institute the observance as "a statute forever." Leviticus 16:3–28 sets out procedures for the High Priest's atonement ritual. To make atonement (כָּפַר, kapar) is a major theme of Leviticus 16, appearing 15 times in the chapter. [40]