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The loss tangent is defined by the angle between the capacitor's impedance vector and the negative reactive axis. If the capacitor is used in an AC circuit, the dissipation factor due to the non-ideal capacitor is expressed as the ratio of the resistive power loss in the ESR to the reactive power oscillating in the capacitor, or
Since the same AC current flows through both ESR and X c, the loss tangent is also the ratio of the resistive power loss in the ESR to the reactive power oscillating in the capacitor. For this reason, a capacitor's loss tangent is sometimes stated as its dissipation factor, or the reciprocal of its quality factor Q, as follows
The dissipation factor is determined as the tangent of the reactance () and the ESR, and can be shown as the angle δ between imaginary and the impedance axis. If the inductance E S L {\displaystyle ESL} is small, the dissipation factor can be approximated as:
Apply VLF to measure insulation losses (i.e. the insulation dissipation factor or Tan-delta). In this case, the IEEE 400.2 establishes the criteria for assessment. The test is typically performed over a range of test voltages from 0.5 Uo to 2 Uo depending on the standard/guide that is being followed.
The dissipation factor is determined by the tangent of the phase angle between the subtraction of capacitive reactance X C from inductive reactance X L, and the ESR. If the capacitor's inductance ESL is small, the dissipation factor can be approximated as: =
The ratio of the loss modulus to storage modulus in a viscoelastic material is defined as the , (cf. loss tangent), which provides a measure of damping in the material. tan δ {\displaystyle \tan \delta } can also be visualized as the tangent of the phase angle ( δ {\displaystyle \delta } ) between the storage and loss modulus.
ESR doesn't make any power loss in term of DF due to DFs definition. Def from Coombs ed.6th p.8.13 "The ratio of the total power loss in the material to the product of the voltage and current in a capacitor in which the material is a dielectric." — Preceding unsigned comment added by 130.240.172.121 18:25, 23 October 2012 (UTC)
Likewise, relative permittivity is the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor using that material as a dielectric, compared with a similar capacitor that has vacuum as its dielectric. Relative permittivity is also commonly known as the dielectric constant, a term still used but deprecated by standards organizations in engineering [ 15 ] as ...