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  2. Illuminating Engineering Society - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illuminating_Engineering...

    The Illuminating Engineering Society (IES), is an industry-backed, not-for-profit, learned society that was founded in New York City on January 10, 1906. [1] [3] The IES's stated mission is "to improve the lighted environment by bringing together those with lighting knowledge and by translating that knowledge into actions that benefit the public".

  3. Standard illuminant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_illuminant

    The spectrum of a standard illuminant, like any other profile of light, can be converted into tristimulus values. The set of three tristimulus coordinates of an illuminant is called a white point . If the profile is normalized , then the white point can equivalently be expressed as a pair of chromaticity coordinates .

  4. de Vaucouleurs's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Vaucouleurs's_law

    By defining R e as the radius of the isophote containing half of the total luminosity of the galaxy, the half-light radius, de Vaucouleurs profile may be expressed as: ⁡ = ⁡ + [() /] or = [() /] where I e is the surface brightness at R e.

  5. Martin Professional - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Professional

    Martin Professional (Harman Professional Denmark ApS) is a Danish manufacturer and distributor of stage and architectural lighting and effects fixtures. It is owned by Harman International Industries , a subsidiary of Samsung Electronics .

  6. Gaussian beam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_beam

    The equations below assume a beam with a circular cross-section at all values of z; this can be seen by noting that a single transverse dimension, r, appears.Beams with elliptical cross-sections, or with waists at different positions in z for the two transverse dimensions (astigmatic beams) can also be described as Gaussian beams, but with distinct values of w 0 and of the z = 0 location for ...

  7. Rembrandt lighting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rembrandt_lighting

    A studio portrait, showing the characteristic illuminated triangle on the darker side of the face. Rembrandt lighting is a standard lighting technique that is used in studio portrait photography and cinematography; it is also used in contrast with butterfly lighting [1] It can be achieved using one light and a reflector, [2] or two lights, and is popular because it is capable of producing ...

  8. Spatial light modulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_light_modulator

    A spatial light modulator (SLM) is a device that can control the intensity, phase, or polarization of light in a spatially varying manner. A simple example is an overhead projector transparency . Usually when the term SLM is used, it means that the transparency can be controlled by a computer .

  9. Advanced Light Source - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Light_Source

    Inside the storage ring at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Large magnets bend, steer, and focus the electron beam as it circles the ring 1.4 million times per second. Electron bunches traveling near the speed of light are forced into a nearly circular path by magnets in the ALS storage ring.