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Senator (and future Chief Justice) Oliver Ellsworth was the drafter of the Crimes Act. The Crimes Act of 1790 (or the Federal Criminal Code of 1790), [1] formally titled An Act for the Punishment of Certain Crimes Against the United States, defined some of the first federal crimes in the United States and expanded on the criminal procedure provisions of the Judiciary Act of 1789. [2]
Dec. 27, 1790: Provisions of the Act for the Collection of Duties extended to act of August 10, 1790. An Act supplementary to the act intitled “An act making further provision for the payment of the debts of the United States.” Sess. 3, ch. 1 1 Stat. 188 (chapter 1) 2: Jan. 7, 1791: Unlading of Ships and Vessels in cases of Obstruction by Ice.
The Crimes Act of 1790 defined some capital offenses: treason, murder, robbery, piracy, mutiny, hostility against the United States, counterfeiting, and aiding the escape of a capital prisoner. [8] The first federal execution was that of Thomas Bird on June 25, 1790, for committing "murder on the high seas", after he murdered his captain while ...
The Crimes Act of 1825 (also known as the Federal Criminal Code of 1825), [1] formally titled An Act more effectually to provide for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States, and for other purposes, was the first piece of omnibus federal criminal legislation since the Crimes Act of 1790. In general, the 1825 act provided more ...
John McLean (March 11, 1785 – April 4, 1861) was an American jurist and politician who served in the United States Congress, as U.S. Postmaster General, and as a justice of the Ohio and United States Supreme Courts.
The Judiciary Act of 1789. Under the Articles of Confederation, there were no general federal courts or crimes. [1] [2] Although the Articles authorized a federal court to punish "piracies and felonies committed on the high seas," [3] and the Congress of the Confederation in 1775 created the Court of Appeals in Prize Cases, [2] [4] Congress soon devolved this power to the states. [1]
The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio and also known as the Ordinance of 1787), enacted July 13, 1787, was an organic act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States.
The Ohio state legislature passed "Black Laws" in 1804 that restricted movement of free blacks and required persons to carry papers, in an effort to dissuade blacks from settling in the state. These provisions were intermittently enforced by local governments and law enforcement, and sometimes used as an excuse to force African Americans out of ...