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The modified Centor criteria are a set of five criteria; the total score indicates the probability of a streptococcal infection. [13] One point is given for each of the criteria: [13] Absence of a cough; Swollen and tender cervical lymph nodes; Temperature >38.0 °C (100.4 °F) Tonsillar exudate or swelling
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis , pharyngitis , laryngitis , sinusitis , otitis media , and the common cold .
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils in the upper part of the throat.It can be acute or chronic. [8] [9] [2] Acute tonsillitis typically has a rapid onset. [10]Symptoms may include sore throat, fever, enlargement of the tonsils, trouble swallowing, and enlarged lymph nodes around the neck.
Typical infections of the upper respiratory tract include tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, certain influenza types, and the common cold. [3] Symptoms of URIs can include cough , sore throat , runny nose , nasal congestion , headache , low-grade fever , facial pressure, and sneezing .
One of the most common causes is Staphylococcus aureus and often follows a recent viral upper respiratory infection. Bacterial tracheitis is a rare complication of influenza infection. [ 4 ] It is the most serious in young children, possibly because of the relatively small size of the trachea that gets easily blocked by swelling.
The distinction between viral upper respiratory tract infections is loosely based on the location of symptoms, with the common cold affecting primarily the nose (rhinitis), throat (pharyngitis), and lungs (bronchitis). [8] There can be significant overlap, and more than one area can be affected. [8] Self-diagnosis is frequent. [4]