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Aelia Capitolina (Latin: Colonia Aelia Capitolina [kɔˈloːni.a ˈae̯li.a kapɪtoːˈliːna]) was a Roman colony founded during the Roman emperor Hadrian's visit to Judaea in 129/130 CE. [1] [2] It was founded on the ruins of Jerusalem, which had been almost totally razed after the siege of 70 CE.
Researchers agree that the Byzantine Jerusalem was based on the Roman city of Aelia Capitolina, characterized by two north–south streets: the Cardo, extending south from the Damascus Gate along the Tyropoeon Valley. [11] [12] [13] The religious center of the city was the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
The Temple of Venus in Aelia Capitolina was a temple in Aelia Capitolina , dedicated to the Goddess Venus. [1] The temple was founded on the order of emperor Hadrian in the early 2nd century AD. It was dedicated to Venus, who was the protective patron deity of the family of Hadrian as well as of the 10th Legion who occupied the area. [2]
The city was named Aelia Capitolina, derived from Hadrian's family name (Publius Aelius Hadrianus) and in honor of Capitoline Jupiter. [33] According to Cassius Dio: In Jerusalem he founded a city to replace the one which had been destroyed and called it Aelia Capitolina, and he erected a temple to Jupiter on the site of the Temple of God.
However, archaeology indicates this type of destruction did not happen as often as the literature claims. For example, at the sacred oak and spring at Mamre, a site venerated and occupied by Christians, Jews and pagans alike, the literature says Constantine ordered the burning of the idols, the destruction of the altar, and erection of a church ...
Jewelry designed to ward off the “evil eye” and protect a young girl in her passage to the afterlife more than 1,800 years ago has been unveiled in Jerusalem some 50 years after the items were ...
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Part of a series on Jerusalem History Timeline City of David 1000 BCE Second Temple Period 538 BCE–70 CE Aelia Capitolina 130–325 CE Byzantine 325–638 CE Early Muslim 638–1099 Crusader 1099 ...
The presence of both Bar Kokhba and Aelia Capitolina coins in a single collection contradicts Eusebius's account, which suggests that Aelia Capitolina was established after the revolt. Instead, it supports Cassius Dio 's account, indicating that the city's foundation predated the revolt and possibly played a role in its inception.