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The Sunda Arc is a volcanic arc that produced the volcanoes that form the topographic spine of the islands of Sumatra, Nusa Tenggara, Java, the Sunda Strait, and the Lesser Sunda Islands. The Sunda Arc begins at Sumatra and ends at Flores , and is adjacent to the Banda Arc . [ 1 ]
The Sahul Shelf and the Sunda Shelf today. The area in between is called "Wallacea"Sundaland [1] (also called Sundaica or the Sundaic region) is a biogeographical region of Southeast Asia corresponding to a larger landmass that was exposed throughout the last 2.6 million years during periods when sea levels were lower.
Caldera/ Eruption name Volcanic arc/ belt or Subregion or Hotspot VEI Date Known/proposed consequences Mount Pinatubo: Luzon Volcanic Arc: 6: 15 Jun 1991: Global temperature fell by 0.4 °C Novarupta: Aleutian Range: 6: 6 Jun 1912: Santa María: Central America Volcanic Arc: 6: 24 Oct 1902: Krakatoa: Sunda Arc: 6: 26-28 Aug 1883: At least ...
In May 1883, after years of intense seismic activity in the Sunda Strait, the massive volcano on the uninhabited island of Krakatoa exploded in a furious eruption. It sent a cloud of ash 50 miles ...
A volcanic arc (also known as a magmatic arc [1]: 6.2 ) is a belt of volcanoes formed above a subducting oceanic tectonic plate, [2] with the belt arranged in an arc shape as seen from above. Volcanic arcs typically parallel an oceanic trench , with the arc located further from the subducting plate than the trench.
Central America Volcanic Arc, El Salvador: 37–82 44–95 [33] [34] c.430 Tierra Blanca Joven eruption: 5 Akutan: Aleutian Arc: 1 340 Akutan tephra 7 Taupō Volcano [7] Taupō Volcanic Zone: 110 Unknown c.232 [e] Hatepe eruption: 5 Masaya [7] Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua 6.6 150 Masaya Tuff 5 Mount Vesuvius Campanian volcanic arc 3.25
The islands of Lombok and Sumbawa lie in the central portion of the Sunda Arc. The Sunda Arc is home to some of the world's most dangerous and explosive volcanoes. The eruption of nearby Mount Tambora on Sumbawa is known for the most violent eruption in recorded history on 15 April 1815, with a scale 7 on the VEI. [8]
The term "Sunda" has been traced back to ancient times. The name "Sunda" originates from the Sanskrit word "Cuddha," meaning white. During the Pleistocene era, there was a large volcano named Mount Sunda located north of Bandung in West Java. Its eruption covered the surrounding area with white volcanic ash, giving rise to the name "Sunda."