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In Japan, attitudes toward Koreans were deeply shaped by the Nissen dōsoron (日鮮同祖論, "Theory of Japanese-Korean Common Ancestry"), which claimed Koreans and Japanese shared mythological ancestors: Susanoo (Koreans) and Amaterasu (Japanese). According to this theory, Koreans were inherently Japanese, though unaware of their true identity.
The Tokyo Charter defines war crimes as "violations of the laws or customs of war," [22] which involves acts using prohibited weapons, violating battlefield norms while engaging in combat with the enemy combatants, or against protected persons, [23] including enemy civilians and citizens and property of neutral states as in the case of the attack on Pearl Harbor.
The number of Koreans who were sacrificed by the Japanese army's massacre that lasted for 3 to 4 months, would have been many more. [5] As public opinion toward the Japanese military worsened both at home and abroad due to the Gyeongshin Disaster, the Japanese decided to withdraw the main force from Gando on 20 December.
Korea under Japanese rule: Imperial Japanese Army: 7,509 15,849 Koreans wounded [8] 15 April 1919: Jeamni massacre: Hwaseong, Chōsen: Imperial Japanese Army 29 Killing of Korean civilians inside a church in Hwaseong October 1920: Gando massacre: Jiandao: Imperial Japanese Army 5,000+ [9] July 1922: Shinano River incident: Shinano River: Okura ...
Beginning on September 18, the Japanese government arrested 735 participants in the massacre, but they were reportedly given light sentences. The Japanese Governor-General of Korea paid out 200 Japanese yen in compensation to 832 families of massacre victims, although the Japanese government on the mainland only admitted to about 250 deaths.
Unit 731 (Japanese: 731部隊, Hepburn: Nana-san-ichi Butai), [note 1] short for Manchu Detachment 731 and also known as the Kamo Detachment [3]: 198 and the Ishii Unit, [5] was a covert biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that engaged in lethal human experimentation and biological weapons manufacturing during the Second Sino-Japanese War ...
The Jeamni Massacre (Korean: 제암리 학살 사건; lit. Jeamni Massacre Incident) was a mass murder of 20 to 30 unarmed Korean civilians by the Imperial Japanese Army on April 15, 1919, in Jeamni, Suwon, Korea, Empire of Japan.
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