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In physics and engineering, a free body diagram (FBD; also called a force diagram) [1] is a graphical illustration used to visualize the applied forces, moments, and resulting reactions on a free body in a given condition. It depicts a body or connected bodies with all the applied forces and moments, and reactions, which act on the body(ies).
Shear and Bending moment diagram for a simply supported beam with a concentrated load at mid-span. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are analytical tools used in conjunction with structural analysis to help perform structural design by determining the value of shear forces and bending moments at a given point of a structural element such as a beam.
Tension is the pulling or stretching force transmitted axially along an object such as a string, rope, chain, rod, truss member, or other object, so as to stretch or pull apart the object. In terms of force, it is the opposite of compression. Tension might also be described as the action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of an object.
A schematic diagram for the stress–strain curve of low carbon steel at room temperature is shown in figure 1. There are several stages showing different behaviors, which suggests different mechanical properties. To clarify, materials can miss one or more stages shown in figure 1, or have totally different stages.
The free body diagrams of the two hanging masses of the Atwood machine. Our sign convention, depicted by the acceleration vectors is that m 1 accelerates downward and that m 2 accelerates upward, as would be the case if m 1 > m 2. An equation for the acceleration can be derived by analyzing forces.
EN8 bright has a tensile strength of 800 MPa and mild steel, for comparison, has a tensile strength of 400 MPa. To calculate the force to shear a 25 mm diameter bar of EN8 bright steel; area of the bar in mm 2 = (12.5 2)(π) ≈ 490.8 mm 2 0.8 kN/mm 2 × 490.8 mm 2 = 392.64 kN ≈ 40 tonne-force
Torsion of a square section bar Example of torsion mechanics. In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque [1] [2].Torsion could be defined as strain [3] [4] or angular deformation [5], and is measured by the angle a chosen section is rotated from its equilibrium position [6].
The term tensile should not be confused with tensegrity, which is a structural form with both tension and compression elements. Tensile structures are the most common type of thin-shell structures . Most tensile structures are supported by some form of compression or bending elements, such as masts (as in The O 2 , formerly the Millennium Dome ...