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Myocardial contractility represents the innate ability of the heart muscle (cardiac muscle or myocardium) to contract.It is the maximum attainable value for the force of contraction of a given heart.
Other considerations for causes of enlarged heart are athlete's heart and hypertension (high blood pressure). [10] Making the diagnosis of HCM often involves a family history or pedigree, an electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and stress testing. [7] Genetic testing may also be done. [7]
In electrocardiography, the ventricular cardiomyocyte membrane potential is about −90 mV at rest, [1] which is close to the potassium reversal potential. When an action potential is generated, the membrane potential rises above this level in five distinct phases. [1] Phase 4: Resting membrane potential remains stable at ≈−90 mV. [1]
Basic cardiac action potential. Unlike the action potential in skeletal muscle cells, the cardiac action potential is not initiated by nervous activity.Instead, it arises from a group of specialized cells known as pacemaker cells, that have automatic action potential generation capability.
Ventricular hypertrophy can result from a variety of conditions, both adaptive and maladaptive. For example, it occurs in what is regarded as a physiologic, adaptive process in pregnancy in response to increased blood volume; but can also occur as a consequence of ventricular remodeling following a heart attack.
When blood pressure is increased in the blood vessels and the blood vessels distend, they react with a constriction; this is the Bayliss effect. Stretch of the muscle membrane opens a stretch-activated ion channel. The cells then become depolarized and this results in a Ca 2+ signal and triggers muscle contraction. No action potential is ...
A higher weight can lead to health issues like type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension), sleep apnea and heart disease — to name a few. kuppa_rock / iStock
Within the muscle tissue of animals and humans, contraction and relaxation of the muscle cells is a highly regulated and rhythmic process.In cardiomyocytes, or cardiac muscle cells, muscular contraction takes place due to movement at a structure referred to as the diad, sometimes spelled "dyad."