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Group of pharmaceuticals that are used to suppress abnormally fast rhythms (tachycardias), such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia. Type I (sodium channel blockers) Type Ia Ajmaline; Procainamide; Quinidine; Type Ib Lidocaine; Phenytoin; Type Ic Encainide; Flecainide; Propafenone; Type II (beta ...
The progress in β-blocker development led to the introduction of drugs with variety of properties. β-blockers were developed having a relative selectivity for cardiac β1-receptors (for example metoprolol and atenolol), partial adrenergic agonist activity , concomitant α-adrenergic blocking activity (for example labetalol and carvedilol) and ...
Unless a pacemaker is present, beta blockers can severely depress conduction in the AV node, resulting in a reduction of heart rate and cardiac output. One should be very cautious with the use of beta blockers in tachycardia patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome, as it can result in life-threatening arrhythmia in certain patients.
The metabolism of metoprolol can vary widely among patients, often as a result of hepatic impairment [9] or CYP2D6 polymorphism. [10] Metoprolol was first made in 1969, patented in 1970, and approved for medical use in 1978. [11] [12] [13] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [14] It is available as a generic ...
Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
Treat recurrent tachycardia associated with abnormal conduction pathways, such as Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome; II Beta-blockers Atenolol; Bisoprolol; Carvedilol; Esmolol; Metoprolol; Nebivolol; Propranolol; Timolol; Beta blocker Propranolol also has some sodium channel-blocking effect. Decrease mortality in patients with myocardial ...
Labetalol is a beta blocker, or an antagonist of the β-adrenergic receptors. It is specifically a non-selective antagonist of the β 1-and β 2-adrenergic receptors. [17] Labetalol has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. [17] It is also an antagonist of the α 1-adrenergic receptor, and hence is additionally an alpha blocker.
Although α-methyldopa is generally regarded as a first-line agent, labetalol and metoprolol are also acceptable. Atenolol has been associated with intrauterine growth retardation, as well as decreased placental growth and weight when prescribed during pregnancy.