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A w/c ratio higher than 0.60 is not acceptable as fresh concrete becomes "soup" [2] and leads to a higher porosity and to very poor quality hardened concrete as publicly stated by Prof. Gustave Magnel (1889-1955, Ghent University, Belgium) during an official address to American building contractors at the occasion of one of his visits in the ...
A cement accelerator is an admixture for the use in concrete, mortar, rendering or screeds. The addition of an accelerator speeds the setting time and thus cure time starts earlier. [ 1 ] This allows concrete to be placed in winter with reduced risk of frost damage. [ 2 ]
Ecology blocks are manufactured using concrete left over from other construction processes. A cross-section of an eco-block typically measures 2 feet (61 cm) square, with block lengths ranging from 3 feet (91 cm) to 6 feet (180 cm). One block weighs between 1,800 pounds (820 kg) and 4,000 pounds (1,800 kg). [1]
The variable density is normally described in kg per m 3, where regular concrete is 2400 kg/m 3. Variable density can be as low as 300 kg/m 3, [18] although at this density it would have no structural integrity at all and would function as a filler or insulation use only.
Using the ASTM D1633-00 stabilization standard, a pressed and cured block must be submerged in water for four hours. It is then pulled from the water and immediately subjected to a compression test. The blocks must score at least a 300 pound-force per square inch (p.s.i) (2 MPa) minimum.
Palette stacked autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is a lightweight, prefabricated concrete building material. Developed initially in the mid-1920s, it has expanded into widespread use. [citation needed] It is most suitable for producing a lightweight or most cost-effective alternative to traditional concrete ...
The output obtained from a site mix concrete plant using a 8/12 mixer is 4 to 5 metric cubes per hour which is 30-60 metric cubes per hour in a ready mix concrete plant. Better handling and proper mixing practice will help reduce the consumption of cement by 10 – 12%.
A post-hole auger. An earth auger, earth drill, or post-hole auger is a drilling tool used for making holes in the ground. [1] It typically consists of a rotating vertical metal rod or pipe with one or more blades attached at the lower end, that cut or scrape the soil.