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The Apgar score is a quick way for health professionals to evaluate the health of all newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth and in response to resuscitation. [1] It was originally developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist at Columbia University, Virginia Apgar, to address the need for a standardized way to evaluate infants shortly after birth.
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It consists of the assessment of heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and generalized skin color. Apgar scoring is performed one minute and five minutes after birth. Scoring ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating severe neonatal distress and 10 indicating a smooth transition to extrauterine life. [1]
Virginia Apgar (June 7, 1909 – August 7, 1974) was an American physician, [1] [2] obstetrical anesthesiologist [3] and medical researcher, [4] best known as the inventor of the Apgar score, a way to quickly assess the health of a newborn child immediately after birth in order to combat infant mortality. [5]
The New Ballard Score allows scores of −1 for the criteria, hence making negative scores possible. The possible scores then range from −10 to 50, the gestational range extending up to 20 weeks. (A simple formula to come directly to the age from the Ballard Score is Age=((2*score)+120)) / 5.
In the UK, the Royal College of Physicians developed the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) in 2012 to replace local or regional scores. [16] [17] [18] The NEWS score is the largest national EWS effort to date and has been adopted by some international healthcare services. [1] A second version of the score was introduced in 2017.
Apgar test: Quickly summarizes the health of newborn children. 1952 Biopsy: Cell or tissue sampling for examination. ? Blood test: Blood sample laboratory test. ? DNA test: Genetic diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited diseases and more. ? Gait Abnormality Rating Scale: A videotape-based analysis of 16 facets of human gait. 1996 Glucose ...
I don't know if this helps, but my son was born in December, 2005. The APGAR score was still in use here in Palm Beach County, Florida at that time. Some discussion on the actual mathematics of the scoring might be in order. My son's score was a 9.9. Presumably, each aspect of APGAR is scored from 0-2 in 1 decimal place accuracy.