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An inoculation loop (also called a smear loop, inoculation wand or microstreaker) is a simple tool used mainly by microbiologists to pick up and transfer a small sample of microorganisms called inoculum from a microbial culture, e.g. for streaking on a culture plate. [1] [2] This process is called inoculation.
Concrete is poured around these plastic forms to create internal voids in the slab A voided biaxial slab installation in Turkey. Voided biaxial slabs, sometimes called biaxial slabs or voided slabs, are a type of reinforced concrete slab which incorporates air-filled voids to reduce the volume of concrete required.
Waffle slab foundations adhere to International Building Code requirements. By 2008, most states put into effect the changes adopted in the 2006 IBC and, in regards to foundations, the on-grade mat foundation has become a more attractive design because, as an engineered system, it already accommodates the 2008 design recommendations, and required no major modifications to bring it into compliance.
The first expanded polystyrene ICF Wall forms were developed in the late 1960s with the expiration of the original patent and the advent of modern foam plastics by BASF. [citation needed] Canadian contractor Werner Gregori filed the first patent for a foam concrete form in 1966 with a block "measuring 16 inches high by 48 inches long with a tongue-and-groove interlock, metal ties, and a waffle ...
The derivation of the maximum arching moment of resistance of laterally restrained concrete bridge deck slabs utilised Rankin's [21] idealised elastic-plastic stress-strain criterion for concrete, valid for concrete cylinder strengths up to at least 70N/mm 2, which he had derived on the basis of Hognestad, Hanson and McHenry's [23] ultimate ...
As the orientation of the void determines the lift position of the lifting clutch, the wire chair can be secured against the element reinforcement to maintain this orientation during the concrete pour and set. When an anchors load resistance must consider load reduction factors, this would imply that the particular selected anchor will form a ...
Precast concrete molds can be made of timber, steel, plastic, rubber, fiberglass, or other synthetic materials, with each giving a unique finish. [3] In addition, many surface finishes for the four precast wall panel types – sandwich, plastered sandwich, inner layer and cladding panels – are available, including those creating the looks of ...
A common example is polyethylene sheeting laid under a concrete slab to prevent the concrete from gaining moisture through capillary action. [5] A DPM may be used for the DPC. Integral damp proofing in concrete involves adding materials to the concrete mix to make the concrete itself impermeable. [4]