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A silver Phi Long coin of 1 tiền issued under the Minh Mạng Emperor in 1833. The term tiền (chữ Hán: 錢) is used to refer to various currency-related concepts used in Vietnamese history. The name is a cognate with the Chinese qián (錢), a unit of weight called "mace" in English.
In 1946, the Viet Minh government (later to become the government of North Vietnam) introduced its own currency, the dong, to replace the French Indochinese piastre at par. Two revaluations followed, in 1951 and 1959; the first was at a rate of 100:1, the second at a rate of 1,000:1.
National Bureau for Historical Record (1998), Khâm định Việt sử Thông giám cương mục (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Education Publishing House; Trần Trọng Kim (1971), Việt Nam sử lược (in Vietnamese), Saigon: Center for School Materials; G. Coedès (1968), The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, Honolulu: University of Hawaii ...
Temple dedicated to the emperor Dinh Tien Hoang at Hoa Lu Ancient Capital – Ninh Bình In the first years of his reign, Đinh Bộ Lĩnh was especially careful to avoid antagonizing Southern Han . In 968, however, he took the provocative step of adopting the title of Emperor (Hoàng Đế) and thereby declaring his independence from Chinese ...
The Đại Việt sử ký tục biên or the Cảnh Trị edition (1665), that was the era name of Lê Huyền Tông has a better status of conservation but the most popular and fully preserved version of Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư until now is the Chính Hòa edition (1697) which was the only woodblock printed version of this work. [12]
The building of the Central Committee of Vietnam Fatherland Front on Tràng Thi Street in Hanoi. The Vietnam Fatherland Front (VFF, alternatively Vietnamese Fatherland Front; Vietnamese: Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam) is an umbrella group of mass movements and political coalition in Vietnam aligned with the Communist Party of Vietnam that dominates the National Assembly of Vietnam ...
Chữ Nôm (𡨸喃, IPA: [t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ nom˧˧]) [5] is a logographic writing system formerly used to write the Vietnamese language.It uses Chinese characters to represent Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary and some native Vietnamese words, with other words represented by new characters created using a variety of methods, including phono-semantic compounds. [6]
The introduction of the forint on 1 August 1946 was a crucial step in the post-World War II stabilisation of the Hungarian economy, and the currency remained relatively stable until the 1980s. Transition to a market economy in the early 1990s adversely affected the value of the forint; inflation peaked at 35% in 1991.