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Justin, known posthumously as Justin Martyr (Greek: Ἰουστῖνος ὁ Μάρτυς, romanized: Ioustînos ho Mártys; c. AD 100 – c. AD 165), also known as Justin the Philosopher, was an early Christian apologist and philosopher. Most of his works are lost, but two apologies and a dialogue did survive.
A bearded Justin Martyr presenting an open book to a Roman emperor. Engraving by Jacques Callot. Justin Martyr was born c. AD 90–100, [9] [10] into a Greek family, [10] [11] at Flavia Neapolis (today Nablus) near the ancient biblical city of Shechem, in Samaria. [12]
Martyr Justin the Philosopher ... Martyr Gerasimos. [12] [note 6] St. Metrius the Farmer of Myra in Lycia (912) [13] Pre-Schism Western saints
In the 7th century there was still a separate church nearby dedicated to Justin, but not yet rediscovered. [2] The relics of Saint Justin were first taken from Rome by Bishop Hitto of Freising, with the consent of Pope Gregory IV, and brought to be venerated into what is, today, the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising, where they are kept in Freising Cathedral.
The First Apology was an early work of Christian apologetics addressed by Justin Martyr to the Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius.In addition to arguing against the persecution of individuals solely for being Christian, Justin also provides the Emperor with a defense of the philosophy of Christianity and a detailed explanation of contemporary Christian practices and rituals.
The earliest surviving account of the celebration of the Eucharist or the Mass in Rome is that of Saint Justin Martyr (died c. 165), in chapter 67 of his First Apology: [2]. On the day called Sunday, all who live in cities or in the country gather together to one place, and the memoirs of the apostles or the writings of the prophets are read, as long as time permits; then, when the reader has ...
According to Justin, it is the fallen angels and demons who incite such hatred and evil against the people of God - the ones who know the Son of God and have responded by faith to the Word of God. These demons are the spirits of those offspring born through union of fallen angels and women before the Flood and who were destroyed by the Flood.
Lucius was then executed. Justin writes about a third, unnamed martyr: "Next, a third man also deserted [i.e. disagreed with the sentence] and was sentenced to be punished." [2] Justin's description of the martyrdom of these three people in his Second Apology is one of the oldest authentic reports of martyrdom at Rome. [3]