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The limiting reagent (or limiting reactant or limiting agent) in a chemical reaction is a reactant that is totally consumed when the chemical reaction is completed. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The amount of product formed is limited by this reagent, since the reaction cannot continue without it.
The simplest case refers to the formation of a strictly linear polymer by the reaction (usually by condensation) of two monomers in equimolar quantities. An example is the synthesis of nylon-6,6 whose formula is [−NH−(CH 2) 6 −NH−CO−(CH 2) 4 −CO−] n from one mole of hexamethylenediamine, H 2 N(CH 2) 6 NH 2, and one mole of adipic acid, HOOC−(CH 2) 4 −COOH.
The color-change that occurs in the blue bottle experiment has features of a clock reaction, in which a visible change in the concentration of one or more reagents suddenly occurs upon the exhaustion of a limiting reagent. For example, the limiting reactant, oxygen, is consumed by another reactant, benzoin, with the help of safranin as a ...
To find the limiting reagent and the mass of HCl produced by the reaction, we change the above amounts by a factor of 90/324.41 and obtain the following amounts: 90.00 g FeCl 3, 28.37 g H 2 S, 57.67 g Fe 2 S 3, 60.69 g HCl. The limiting reactant (or reagent) is FeCl 3, since all 90.00 g of it is used up while only 28.37 g H 2 S are consumed.
If we assume a local steady state, then the rate at which B reaches is the limiting factor and balances the reaction. Therefore, the steady state condition becomes 1. [] = where is the flux of B, as given by Fick's law of diffusion, 2.
As an example, consider the gas-phase reaction NO 2 + CO → NO + CO 2.If this reaction occurred in a single step, its reaction rate (r) would be proportional to the rate of collisions between NO 2 and CO molecules: r = k[NO 2][CO], where k is the reaction rate constant, and square brackets indicate a molar concentration.
Here, a primary standard is typically a reagent which can be weighed easily, and which is so pure that its weight is truly representative of the number of moles of substance contained. Features of a primary standard include: High purity; Stability (low reactivity) Low hygroscopicity (to minimize weight changes due to humidity)
The Chugaev elimination is a chemical reaction that involves the elimination of water from alcohols to produce alkenes.The intermediate is a xanthate.It is named for its discoverer, the Russian chemist Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev (1873–1922), who first reported the reaction sequence in 1899.