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Wherever possible, this article generally follows the definitions and terminology of the 2018 consensus statement, [note 2] wherein ODS is defined as "a subset of functional constipation in which patients report symptoms of incomplete rectal emptying with or without an actual reduction in the number of bowel movements per week."
Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) is reduced ability or inability to control defecation due to deterioration of or injury to the nervous system, resulting in fecal incontinence or constipation. [1] It is common in people with spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS) or spina bifida .
Functional constipation, also known as chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), is defined by less than three bowel movements per week, hard stools, severe straining, the sensation of anorectal blockage, the feeling of incomplete evacuation, and the need for manual maneuvers during feces, without organic abnormalities.
Anismus or dyssynergic defecation is the failure of normal relaxation of pelvic floor muscles during attempted defecation.It can occur in both children and adults, and in both men and women (although it is more common in women).
Rectal tenesmus is a feeling of incomplete defecation. [1] It is the sensation of inability or difficulty to empty the bowel at defecation, even if the bowel contents have already been evacuated. Tenesmus indicates the feeling of a residue, and is not always correlated with the actual presence of residual fecal matter in the rectum.
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Most commonly, constipation is thought of as infrequent bowel movements, usually fewer than 3 stools per week. [15] [16] However, people may have other complaints as well including: [3] [17] Straining with bowel movements; Excessive time needed to pass a bowel movement; Hard stools
Secondary constipation, which is due to another cause, such as chronic conditions, like Type 2 diabetes, poor dietary choices or neurological conditions that may impact intestinal motility
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...