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The vertebrates make up the subphylum Vertebrata with some 65,000 species, by far the largest grouping in the phylum Chordata. The vertebrates include mammals , birds , amphibians , and various classes of fish and reptiles .
A chordate (/ ˈ k ɔːr d eɪ t / KOR-dayt) is a deuterostomal bilaterian animal belonging to the phylum Chordata (/ k ɔːr ˈ d eɪ t ə / kor-DAY-tə).All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other taxa.
Vertebrata J-B. Lamarck, 1801 A craniate is a member of the Craniata (sometimes called the Craniota ), a proposed clade of chordate animals with a skull of hard bone or cartilage . Living representatives are the Myxini (hagfishes), Hyperoartia (including lampreys ), and the much more numerous Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates).
Agnatha (/ ˈ æ ɡ n ə θ ə, æ ɡ ˈ n eɪ θ ə /; [3] from Ancient Greek ἀ-(a-) 'without' and γνάθος (gnáthos) 'jaws') is a paraphyletic infraphylum [4] of non-gnathostome vertebrates, or jawless fish, in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, consisting of both living (cyclostomes) and extinct (conodonts, anaspids, and ostracoderms, among others).
The subphyla Tunicata and Vertebrata are in the unranked Olfactores clade, while the subphylum Cephalochordata is not. Animals in Olfactores are characterized as having a more advanced olfactory system than animals not in it. The only extinct classes shown are Placodermi and Acanthodii. Note that there are many other extinct chordate groups ...
Superclass 2. Gnathostomata. Class Elasmobranchii (= Chondrichthyes) [p. 175] . Subclass 1. Selachii. Order 1. †Cladoselachii (e.g., †Cladoselache, †Goodrichia ...
The lancelets (/ ˈ l æ n s l ɪ t s, ˈ l ɑː n-/ LA(H)N-slits), also known as amphioxi (sg.: amphioxus / ˌ æ m f i ˈ ɒ k s ə s / AM-fee-OK-səs), consist of 32 described species of "fish-like" benthic filter feeding chordates [9] in the subphylum Cephalochordata, class Leptocardii, and family Branchiostomatidae.
In zoological nomenclature, a subphylum is a taxonomic rank below the rank of phylum. The taxonomic rank of " subdivision " in fungi and plant taxonomy is equivalent to "subphylum" in zoological taxonomy.