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This is why all modern GWAS use a very low p-value threshold. In addition to easily correctible problems such as these, some more subtle but important issues have surfaced. A high-profile GWA study that investigated individuals with very long life spans to identify SNPs associated with longevity is an example of this. [72]
Due to the large number of possible SNP variants (more than 149 million as of June 2015 [10] [11]) it is still very expensive to sequence all SNPs. That is why GWAS use customizable arrays to genotype only a subset of the variants identified as tag snps. Most GWAS use products from the two primary genotyping platforms.
[5] The development of the Standard Model of particle physics by Sheldon Glashow 's discovery in 1960 of a way to combine the electromagnetic and weak interactions . [ 6 ] In 1967 Steven Weinberg [ 7 ] and Abdus Salam [ 8 ] incorporated the Higgs mechanism [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] into Glashow's electroweak theory , giving it its modern form.
Pakistan Studies is one of the few heritage subjects [9] for O-level [10] and IGCSE qualifications governed by Cambridge International Examinations. The syllabus covers Pakistan's history, cultural heritage, national identity , geography, economy, and environment, as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by the country. [ 11 ]
Hindi has drawn increasing focus as an academic subject. [8] There is a growing trend of Hindi experts and the availability of texts in Pakistan. [8] Many Hindi instructors migrated from India, or were educated at Indian universities. [5] The Department of Hindi at the National University of Modern Languages (NUML) in Islamabad was
Pakistani English (Paklish, Pinglish, PakEng, en-PK [2] [3]) is a group of English-language varieties spoken in Pakistan and among the Pakistani diaspora. [4] English is the primary language used by the government of Pakistan, alongside Urdu, on the national level.
[2] [3] The majority of Pakistan's languages belong to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family. [4] [5] Urdu is the national language and the lingua franca of Pakistan, and while sharing official status with English, it is the preferred and dominant language used for inter-communication between different ethnic groups.
To commemorate the event, Minar-e-Pakistan, a monument 60 m tall in the shape of a minaret, was built at the site in Iqbal Park where the resolution was passed. 23 March (Pakistan Day) is a national holiday in Pakistan to commemorate both Lahore Resolution (1940) and the Republic Day (1956); the country became the first Islamic Republic in the ...