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Folic acid, which is the synthetic form of the vitamin folate, is critical both in pre- and peri-conception. [7] Deficiencies in folic acid may cause neural tube defects (NTDs). Women who had 0.4 mg of folic acid in their systems due to supplementing 3 months before childbirth significantly reduced the risk of NTDs. [29]
Intravenous iron may also be used in cases of severe iron deficiency anemia during second and third trimesters of pregnancy. [31] Anemias due to other deficiencies such as folic acid or vitamin B12 can also be treated with supplementation as well; dose may vary based on level of deficiency. [32]
Ferrous salt/folic acid is a supplement used to prevent iron deficiency and folic acid deficiency during pregnancy. [1] It can also be used to treat iron deficiency anemia. [1] It is a fixed dose combination of ferrous salt and folic acid. [1] It is taken by mouth. [1] Side effects may include dark stools, constipation, and abdominal pain. [1]
Iron supplements, also known as iron salts and iron pills, are a number of iron formulations used to treat and prevent iron deficiency including iron deficiency anemia. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] For prevention they are only recommended in those with poor absorption , heavy menstrual periods , pregnancy , hemodialysis , or a diet low in iron.
A complex interaction occurs between folic acid, vitamin B 12, and iron. A deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B 12 may mask the deficiency of iron; so when taken as dietary supplements, the three need to be in balance. [73] [74] [75]
Folic acid is a synthetic derivative of folate and is acquired by dietary supplementation. [25] Multi-vitamin dietary supplements contain folic acid as well as other B vitamins. Non-prescription folic acid is available as a dietary supplement in some countries, and some countries require the fortification of wheat flour, corn meal or rice with ...
Fortification is present in common food items in two different ways: adding back and addition. Flour loses nutritional value due to the way grains are processed; enriched flour has iron, folic acid, niacin, riboflavin, and thiamine added back to it. Conversely, other fortified foods have micronutrients added to them that don't naturally occur ...
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]