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The Structure of Taxation. The Ethiopian tax system is conditioned by the nature of its federal structure - the powers to levy and collect taxes are split between the states and the federal government, and can either be shared or exclusive. The federal government exclusively conducts: import and export taxes and tariffs, income taxes on civil ...
Market liquidity – An asset cannot be sold due to lack of liquidity in the market – essentially a sub-set of market risk. [1] This can be accounted for by: Widening bid–ask spread; Making explicit liquidity reserves; Lengthening holding period for value at risk (VaR) calculations; Funding liquidity – Risk that liabilities:
For the LM curve, the independent variable is income and the dependent variable is the interest rate. In the money market equilibrium diagram, the liquidity preference function is the willingness to hold cash. The liquidity preference function is downward sloping (i.e. the willingness to hold cash increases as the interest rate decreases).
36.1%. Ethiopia's economy experienced strong, broad-based growth averaging 9.4% a year from 2010/11 to 2019/20. Ethiopia's real gross domestic product (GDP) growth slowed down to 6.1% in 2019/20 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [77] Industry, mainly construction, and services accounted for most of the growth.
Extensions to VaR include Margin-, Liquidity-, Earnings-and Cash flow at risk, as well as Liquidity-adjusted VaR. For both (i) and (ii), model risk is addressed [34] through regular validation of the models used by the bank's various divisions; for VaR models, backtesting is especially employed. Regulatory changes, are also twofold.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to finance: Finance – addresses the ways in which individuals and organizations raise and allocate monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects.
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The 5% Value at Risk of a hypothetical profit-and-loss probability density function. Value at risk (VaR) is a measure of the risk of loss of investment/capital. It estimates how much a set of investments might lose (with a given probability), given normal market conditions, in a set time period such as a day. VaR is typically used by firms and ...