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A kurultai (/ kʊrʊlˈtaɪ /, lit. 'gathering') [dn 1] was a political and military council of ancient Mongol and Turkic chiefs and khans. The root of the term is from the Proto-Mongolic verb * kura-, * kurija- 'to collect, to gather' [1] whence khural 'meeting, assembly' in Mongolic languages. From this same root arises the Mongolian word ...
Genghis Khan[a] (born Temüjin; c. 1162 – August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, [b] was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongol tribes, he launched a series of military campaigns, conquering large parts of China and Central Asia. Born between 1155 and 1167 and given the name ...
Ögedei Khan, the third son of Genghis Khan and the second Great Khan, proclaimed the Great Yassa as an integral body of precedents at his coronation at the kurultai of 1229. [4] He confirmed the continuing validity of his father's commands and ordinances, and added his own. Ögedei codified rules of dress, as well as the conduct of the kurultais.
Baljuna Covenant. An elderly Temüjin (Genghis Khan), depicted in a 14th-century Yuan era album. The Baljuna Covenant was an oath sworn in mid-1203 AD by Temüjin —the khan of the Mongol tribe and the future Genghis Khan—and a small group of companions, subsequently known as the Baljunatu. Temüjin had risen in power in the service of the ...
The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history. [5] Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe, extending northward into parts of the Arctic; [6] eastward and southward into parts of the Indian subcontinent, mounted invasions of Southeast Asia, and ...
Hö'elün (Mongolian: ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠨ, Ö’elün Üjin, lit. 'Lady Ö’elün'; fl. 1162–1210) was a noblewoman of the Mongol Empire and the mother of Temüjin, better known as Genghis Khan. She played a major role in his rise to power, as described in the Secret History of the Mongols. Born into the Olkhonud clan of the ...
After Kublai Khan died in 1294, Kublai's old officials urged the court to summon a kurultai in Shangdu. Because Zhenjin's second son Darmabala had already died in 1292, there were only two potential successors: Zhenjin's other sons, Gammala and Temür. It was proposed that they hold a competition over who had better knowledge of Genghis Khan's ...
Möngke Khan (also Möngke Khagan or Möngke; [a] 11 January 1209 – 11 August 1259) was the fourth khagan of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1 July 1251, to 11 August 1259.. He was the first Khagan from the Toluid line, and made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire during his rei