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Camarasaurus (/ ˌ k æ m ər ə ˈ s ɔː r ə s / KAM-ər-ə-SOR-əs) was a genus of quadrupedal, herbivorous dinosaurs and is the most common North American sauropod fossil. Its fossil remains have been found in the Morrison Formation, dating to the Late Jurassic epoch (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian stages), between 155 and 145 million years ago.
Restoration of Alamosaurus (background) and other dinosaurs from the Ojo Alamo Formation. Skeletal elements of Alamosaurus are among the most common Late Cretaceous dinosaur fossils found in the United States Southwest and are now used to define the fauna of that time and place, known as the "Alamosaurus fauna".
Psittacosaurus and Protoceratops are the most common dinosaurs in the different Mongolian sediments where they are found. [7] Triceratops fossils are far and away the most common dinosaur remains found in the latest Cretaceous rocks in the western United States, making up as much as 5/6ths of the large dinosaur fauna in some areas. [33]
Dinosaur fossils are not limited to bones, but also include imprints or mineralized remains of skin coverings, organs, and other tissues. Of these, skin coverings based on keratin proteins are most easily preserved because of their cross-linked, hydrophobic molecular structure. [72]
Ornithischians were also common and diverse in the ecosystem, much like the contemporaneous Dinosaur Park, Two Medicine, Kaiparowits, and Kirtland formations. [6] Hadrosaur remains are the most common dinosaur fossil material found in the Cerro del Pueblo, being known from vertebrae, limb bones, jawbones, teeth, and shoulder bones. [6]
In prehistoric Oklahoma, Astrodon lived alongside other dinosaurs, such as the sauropod Sauroposeidon proteles, the dromaeosaurid Deinonychus antirrhopus and the carnosaur Acrocanthosaurus atokensis. [20] [21] The most common dinosaur in the paleoenvironment preserved in the Antlers Formation is the ornithopod Tenontosaurus.
A 2011 census study of an area of the Hell Creek Formation where fossils have been collected without such bias estimated that Thescelosaurus forms 8% of the dinosaur fauna. [63] [8] Brown and colleagues, in 2011, estimated that Thescelosaurus was perhaps the most abundant dinosaur in the Frenchman Formation, accounting for 31% of specimens. [5]
The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Upper Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America. It is composed of mudstone, sandstone, siltstone and limestone and is light grey, greenish gray, or red.