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The object-oriented Simula programming language was used mainly by researchers involved with physical modelling, such as models to study and improve the movement of ships and their content through cargo ports. [10] Simula is generally accepted as being the first language with the primary features and framework of an object-oriented language. [11]
The listed languages are designed with varying degrees of OOP support. Some are highly focused in OOP while others support multiple paradigms including OOP. [1] For example, C++ is a multi-paradigm language including OOP; [2] however, it is less object-oriented than other languages such as Python [3] and Ruby. [4]
Even though object-oriented seems like a superset of object-based, they are used as mutually exclusive alternatives, rather than overlapping. [citation needed] Examples of strictly object-based languages – supporting an object feature but not inheritance or subtyping – are early versions of Ada, [2] Visual Basic 6 (VB6), and Fortran 90.
The various object-oriented programming languages enforce member accessibility and visibility to various degrees, and depending on the language's type system and compilation policies, enforced at either compile time or runtime. For example, the Java language does not allow client code that accesses the private data of a class to compile. [12]
A language that supports object creation via a template object is classified as prototype-based. The concept of object is used in many different software contexts, including: Possibly the most common use is in-memory objects in a computer program written in an object-based language.
Perhaps the most well-known example is C++, an object-oriented extension of the C programming language. Due to the design requirements to add the object-oriented paradigm on to an existing procedural language, message passing in C++ has some unique capabilities and terminologies. For example, in C++ a method is known as a member function.
Although it is possible to do object-oriented development using a waterfall model, in practice most object-oriented systems are developed with an iterative approach. As a result, in object-oriented processes "analysis and design" are often considered at the same time. The object-oriented paradigm emphasizes modularity and re-usability.
Language designs that decouple inheritance from subtyping (interface inheritance) appeared as early as 1990; [21] a modern example of this is the Go programming language. Complex inheritance, or inheritance used within an insufficiently mature design, may lead to the yo-yo problem .