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Moreover, epic might have had only literary exponents, but as Plato's Ion and Aristotle's Ch. 26 of the Poetics help prove, for Plato and Aristotle at least some epic rhapsodes used all three means of mimesis: language, dance (as pantomimic gesture), and music (if only by chanting the words). [14] Subjects (Also "agents" in some translations.)
The debate over the extent to which Plato's portrayal of Socrates represents the actual Socrates's ideas is known as the Socratic problem. [62] [63] The Death of Socrates, by Jacques-Louis David (1787) Plato expressed his ideas through dialogues, that is, written works purporting to describe conversations between different individuals.
Similarly, in the 4th century, the philosopher Proclus mentions an Aristocles who wrote a work on Plato's Timaeus, and elsewhere talks about a "philosopher from Rhodes", [16] and scholars are divided over whether Aristocles of Rhodes is meant here or whether it is first century philosopher Aristocles of Messene.
In Book III Plato defines poetry as a type of narrative which takes one of three forms: the "simple," the "imitative" , or any mix of the two. [9] In Book X, Plato argues that poetry is too many degrees removed from the ideal form to be anything other than deceptive and, therefore, dangerous. Only capable of producing these ineffectual copies ...
Although Plato had been Aristotle's teacher, most of Plato's writings were not translated into Latin until over 200 years after Aristotle. [7] In the Middle Ages, the only book of Plato in general circulation was the first part of the dialogue Timaeus (to 53c), as a translation, with commentary, by Calcidius (or Chalcidius). [7]
Aristotle [A] (Attic Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, romanized: Aristotélēs; [B] 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts.
The traditional division of the works of Plato into tetralogies was done by Thrasyllus of Mendes. [6] The list includes works of doubtful authenticity (in italic), as well as the Letters. 1st tetralogy Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo; 2nd tetralogy Cratylus, Theatetus, Sophist, Statesman; 3rd tetralogy Parmenides, Philebus, Symposium, Phaedrus