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Probenecid, also sold under the brand name Probalan, is a medication that increases uric acid excretion in the urine. It is primarily used in treating gout and hyperuricemia . Probenecid was developed as an alternative to caronamide [ 1 ] to competitively inhibit renal excretion of some drugs, thereby increasing their plasma concentration and ...
In the early 20th century, decades before the first chemical antibiotics were developed, Dr. Niels Finsen discovered that blue light could be used to treat skin infections. [6] In the following years, Finsen's phototherapy was used in many European medical institutions as a topical antimicrobial. [7]
Sulopenem/probenecid, sold under the brand name Orlynvah, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of urinary tract infections. [1] It contains sulopenem , a penem antibacterial , as the prodrug sulopenem etzadroxil; and probenecid , a renal tubular transport inhibitor .
This first treatment, based on statistical information about former patients, and aimed at a large group of potentially involved microbes, is called empiric treatment. [ 3 ] The advantage of indicating antibiotics empirically exists where a causative pathogen is likely albeit unknown and where diagnostic tests will not be influential to treatment.
Cidofovir is only available as an intravenous formulation. Cidofovir is to be administered with probenecid which decreases side effects to the kidney. [22] Probenecid mitigates nephrotoxicity by inhibiting organic anion transport of the proximal tubule epithelial cells of the kidney. [23]
This treatment effectively cured his gastritis and eliminated the H. pylori infection. This is not the current eradication protocol. [citation needed] One of the first "modern" eradication protocols was a one-week triple therapy, which the Sydney gastroenterologist Thomas Borody formulated in 1987. [14]
The effectiveness of individual antibiotics varies with the anatomical site of the infection, the ability of the antibiotic to reach the site of infection, and the ability of the bacteria to resist or inactivate the antibiotic. [34] Specimens for antibiotic sensitivity testing are ideally collected before treatment is started. [1]
Sulopenem (CP-70,429) is a thiopenem antibiotic derivative from the penem family, which unlike most related drugs is orally active. It was developed in Japan in the 1990s, and has been approved to treat uncomplicated urinary tract infections in combination with probenecid (Brand name: Orlynvah).