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The Three Crowned Kings, [a] were the triumvirate of Chera, Chola and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three Nadu (countries) of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala and some parts of Tamilnadu) in southern India.
All legends, assumed to be the names of the Chera rulers, are in Tamil-Brahmi characters on the obverse. The reverse often depicts a bow and arrow symbol. An alliance between the Cholas is evident from a joint coin bearing the Chola tiger on the obverse and the Chera bow and arrow on the reverse.
It is a possibility that Pandya ruler Vira Pandya defeated Chola king Gandaraditya and claimed independence. [20] Chola ruler Sundara Parantaka II (r. 957–73) responded by defeating Vira Pandya I in two battles (and Chola prince Aditya II killed Vira Pandya on the second occasion). The Pandyas were assisted by the Sri Lanka forces of King ...
The Early Pandyas of the Sangam period were one of the three main kingdoms of the Tamilakam (southern India), the other two being the Cholas, and Cheras dynasty. As with many other kingdoms around this period (earlier than 200 BCE), most of the information about the Early Pandyas come to modern historians mainly through literary sources and some epigraphic, archaeological and numismatic evidence.
The Chola dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India, one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the world history. The earliest datable references to the Chola are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka , of the Maurya Empire .
Chola king Rajadhiraja is known for defeating certain Vira Kerala, one of the so-called "thennavar muvar", and trampling him to death by his war elephant. [28] This royal was probably a Kongu-Chera of Chandra-Aditya Kula or a Pandya prince (son of a Pandya royal and a Kongu Chera princess). [ 29 ]
Chenkuttavan was the son of the Chera ruler "Imayavaramban" Nedum Cheralathan and Chola Manakilli, a princess from family of the Cholas of Uraiyur. [ 7 ] [ 6 ] "Kalankayakkanni" Narmudi Cheral and "Adu Kottu Pattu" Cheralathan were his elder and younger half-brothers, respectively (Pathitrupathu Collection). [ 15 ]
Chola Dynasty: Pouncing Tiger: The tiger flag of Chola is mentioned in the Periya Puranam. [7] Pandya Dynasty: Twin fish: According to legend, the goddess Meenakshi was born as the daughter of a Pandya king. Her eyes had the shape of a fish and resemble the emblem of the Pandyas. [8] Pallava Dynasty: bull and lion