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[55] [56] PPIs are commonly used in people with cardiovascular disease for gastric protection when aspirin is given for its antiplatelet actions. [55] [57] An interaction between PPIs and the metabolism of the platelet inhibitor clopidogrel is known and this drug is also often used in people with cardiac disease.
The CYP2C19 enzyme metabolizes proton pump inhibitors (PPI) as well as clopidogrel. Various reports have stated that there is a negative clopidogrel-omeprazole drug interaction. Some studies have found that clopidogrel activity on platelets was hampered significantly by patients receiving treatment with omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI).
CYP3A4 increases to approximately 40% of adult levels in the fourth month of life and 72% at 12 months. [13] [14] Although CYP3A4 is predominantly found in the liver, it is also present in other organs and tissues of the body, where it may play an important role in metabolism. CP3A4 is the major CYP enzyme in the intestine. [15]
Clopidogrel, sold under the brand name Plavix among others, is an antiplatelet medication used to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in those at high risk. [10] It is also used together with aspirin in heart attacks and following the placement of a coronary artery stent (dual antiplatelet therapy). [10]
Aspirin, warfarin, ticlopidine, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, garlic, vitamin E [15] With aspirin – retards aspirin absorption [3] Ginseng: Panax ginseng: Warfarin [15] Papaya extract Carica papaya: Warfarin Damage to GI tract mucous membranes [3] Kava: kava-kava Piper methysticum: Sedatives, sleeping pills, antipsychotics, alcohol [15 ...
[3] [4] CYP2C19 is a liver enzyme that acts on at least 10% of drugs in current clinical use, [5] most notably the antiplatelet treatment clopidogrel (Plavix), drugs that treat pain associated with ulcers, such as omeprazole, antiseizure drugs such as mephenytoin, the antimalarial proguanil, and the anxiolytic diazepam.
As of 2008, among adults in the United States of America older than 56, 4% were taking medication and/ or supplements that put them at risk of a major drug interaction. [30] Potential drug-drug interactions have increased over time [ 31 ] and are more common in the less-educated elderly even after controlling for age, sex, place of residence ...
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are physical contacts of high specificity established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events steered by interactions that include electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonding and the hydrophobic effect. Many are physical contacts with molecular associations between chains that ...