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Ex-ante is used most commonly in the commercial world, where results of a particular action, or series of actions, are forecast (or intended). The opposite of ex-ante is ex-post (actual) (or ex post). Buying a lottery ticket loses you money ex ante (in expectation), but if you win, it was the right decision ex post. [2]
ex post: from after "Afterward", "after the event". Based on knowledge of the past. Measure of past performance ex post facto: from a thing done afterward: Said of a law with retroactive effect ex professo: from one declaring [an art or science] Or 'with due competence'. Said of the person who perfectly knows his art or science. Also used to ...
Ex-post EF means that, after the final allocation is determined, no agent prefers the allocation of another agent. No rule satisfies this strong property; indeed, it may be impossible to find an ex-post EF allocation of indivisible objects. Ex-ante EF is a weaker property, relevant for agents with cardinal utilities.
An ex post facto law [1] is a law that retroactively changes the legal consequences or status of actions that were committed, or relationships that existed, before the enactment of the law.
Ex-ante conditionality requires a country to meet certain conditions and prove it can maintain them before it will receive any aid. [2] Traditionally, the IMF lends funds based on ex-post criteria, which might induce moral hazard behavior by the borrowing country. The moral hazard problem appears when a government behaves in a risky manner in ...
Additionality may be evaluated ex post, as is often done in the practice of program evaluation, or ex ante, as an initial eligibility screen for issuing credits as part of an environmental or other public goods market. For ex ante applications, additionality is evaluated for proposed activities.
Hints and the solution for today's Wordle on Tuesday, December 10.
The method may be applied either ex-post or ex-ante. Applied ex-ante, the IRR is an estimate of a future annual rate of return. Applied ex-post, it measures the actual achieved investment return of a historical investment. It is also called the discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFROR) [1] or yield rate. [2]