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  2. Bent molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent_molecular_geometry

    In chemistry, molecules with a non-collinear arrangement of two adjacent bonds have bent molecular geometry, also known as angular or V-shaped. Certain atoms, such as oxygen, will almost always set their two (or more) covalent bonds in non-collinear directions due to their electron configuration .

  3. Bent's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent's_rule

    [11] [5] Bent's rule provides a reliable and robust framework for predicting the bond angles of molecules. Bent's rule accuracy and precision in predicting the geometry of real-world molecules continues to demonstrate its credibility. [5] [15] Beyond bond angle prediction, Bent's rule has some significant applications and is of considerable ...

  4. VSEPR theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSEPR_theory

    When the substituent (X) atoms are not all the same, the geometry is still approximately valid, but the bond angles may be slightly different from the ones where all the outside atoms are the same. For example, the double-bond carbons in alkenes like C 2 H 4 are AX 3 E 0 , but the bond angles are not all exactly 120°.

  5. Molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_geometry

    For many cases, such as trigonal pyramidal and bent, the actual angle for the example differs from the ideal angle, and examples differ by different amounts. For example, the angle in H 2 S (92°) differs from the tetrahedral angle by much more than the angle for H 2 O (104.48°) does.

  6. Bent bond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent_bond

    One of the first bent bond theories for cyclopropane was the Coulson-Moffitt model (1947).. In organic chemistry, a bent bond, also known as a banana bond, is a type of covalent chemical bond with a geometry somewhat reminiscent of a banana.

  7. Trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonal_pyramidal...

    This would result in the geometry of a regular tetrahedron with each bond angle equal to arccos(− ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠) ≈ 109.5°. However, the three hydrogen atoms are repelled by the electron lone pair in a way that the geometry is distorted to a trigonal pyramid (regular 3-sided pyramid) with bond angles of 107°.

  8. Lone pair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone_pair

    For example, in carbon dioxide (CO 2), which does not have a lone pair, the oxygen atoms are on opposite sides of the carbon atom (linear molecular geometry), whereas in water (H 2 O) which has two lone pairs, the angle between the hydrogen atoms is 104.5° (bent molecular geometry).

  9. Chemical bonding of water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bonding_of_water

    2 O) is a simple triatomic bent molecule with C 2v molecular symmetry and bond angle of 104.5° between the central oxygen atom and the hydrogen atoms. Despite being one of the simplest triatomic molecules , its chemical bonding scheme is nonetheless complex as many of its bonding properties such as bond angle , ionization energy , and ...