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Occipital neuralgia is caused by damage to the occipital nerves, which can arise from trauma (usually concussive or cervical), physical stress on the nerve, repetitive neck contraction, flexion or extension, and/or as a result of medical complications (such as osteochondroma, a benign bone tumour).
The occipitalis muscle (occipital belly) is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. Some sources consider the occipital muscle to be a distinct muscle. However, Terminologia Anatomica currently classifies it as part of the occipitofrontalis muscle along with the frontalis muscle. The occipitalis muscle is thin and quadrilateral in form.
The nuchal ligament and trapezius muscle attach to it. The inion (ἰνίον, iníon, Greek for the occipital bone) is used as a landmark in the 10-20 system in electroencephalography (EEG) recording. Extending laterally from it on either side is the superior nuchal line, and above it is the faintly marked highest nuchal line.
The auricular branch travels to the posterior auricular muscle and the intrinsic muscles on the cranial surface of the auricule. The occipital branch , the larger branch, passes backward along the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone to the occipitalis muscle .
They innervate muscles in the suboccipital and posterior scalp regions. The injection will either block pain signals or reduce swelling and inflammation in these regions depending on the choice of injection. The procedure is helpful in treating occipital neuralgia and chronic headaches that arise from the neck. [1]
If you’ve ever had a swollen, sprained ankle or a fever from the flu, you’ve experienced it firsthand. (Flushed skin and pain are other signs of acute inflammation, according to Cleveland Clinic.)
The greater occipital nerve is a nerve of the head. It is a spinal nerve, specifically the medial branch of the dorsal primary ramus of cervical spinal nerve 2.It arises from between the first and second cervical vertebrae, ascends, and then passes through the semispinalis muscle.
The suboccipital triangle is a region of the neck bounded by the following three muscles of the suboccipital group of muscles: Rectus capitis posterior major - above and medially; Obliquus capitis superior - above and laterally; Obliquus capitis inferior - below and laterally