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Moody chart. In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram (also Stanton diagram) is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor fD, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe.
Surface roughness, often shortened to roughness, is a component of surface finish (surface texture). It is quantified by the deviations in the direction of the normal vector of a real surface from its ideal form. If these deviations are large, the surface is rough; if they are small, the surface is smooth. In surface metrology, roughness is ...
The Diffusion Map unravels the toroidal helix recovering the underlying intrinsic circular geometry of the data. Diffusion maps is a dimensionality reduction or feature extraction algorithm introduced by Coifman and Lafon [1][2][3][4] which computes a family of embeddings of a data set into Euclidean space (often low-dimensional) whose ...
Phong shading may also refer to the specific combination of Phong interpolation and the Phong reflection model, which is an empirical model of local illumination. It describes the way a surface reflects light as a combination of the diffuse reflection of rough surfaces with the specular reflection of shiny surfaces.
Natural texture example. An image texture is the small-scale structure perceived on an image, based on the spatial arrangement of color or intensities. [1] It can be quantified by a set of metrics calculated in image processing. Image texture metrics give us information about the whole image or selected regions. [1]
This is a subjective speckle pattern. (Note that the color differences in the image are introduced by limitations of the camera system.) When a rough surface which is illuminated by a coherent light (e.g. a laser beam) is imaged, a speckle pattern is observed in the image plane; this is called a "subjective speckle pattern" – see image above.
scikit-image (formerly scikits.image) is an open-source image processing library for the Python programming language. [2] It includes algorithms for segmentation, geometric transformations, color space manipulation, analysis, filtering, morphology, feature detection, and more. [3] It is designed to interoperate with the Python numerical and ...
The top image shows asperities under no load. The bottom image depicts the same surface after applying a load. In materials science, asperity, defined as "unevenness of surface, roughness, ruggedness" (from the Latin asper—"rough" [1]), has implications (for example) in physics and seismology. Smooth surfaces, even those polished to a mirror ...