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  2. Human papillomavirus infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus_infection

    Genome organization of human papillomavirus type 16, one of the subtypes known to cause cervical cancer (E1-E7 early genes, L1-L2 late genes: capsid) In some infected individuals, their immune systems may fail to control HPV. Lingering infection with high-risk HPV types, such as types 16, 18, 31, and 45, can favor the development of cancer. [42]

  3. HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPV-positive_oropharyngeal...

    HPV+OPC presents in one of four ways: as an asymptomatic abnormality in the mouth found by the patient or a health professional such as a dentist; with local symptoms such as pain or infection at the site of the tumor; with difficulties of speech, swallowing, and/or breathing; or as a swelling in the neck (if the cancer has spread to lymph nodes).

  4. Squamous cell papilloma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_papilloma

    A squamous cell papilloma is a generally benign papilloma that arises from the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin, lip, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, cervix, vagina or anal canal.

  5. Cervical cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer

    Cervical cancer is the 12th-most common cancer in women in the UK (around 3,100 women were diagnosed with the disease in 2011) and accounts for 1% of cancer deaths (around 920 died in 2012). [154] With a 42% reduction from 1988 to 1997, the NHS-implemented screening programme has been highly successful, screening the highest-risk age group (25 ...

  6. Papillomaviridae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillomaviridae

    An association with vulval cancer and urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation in patients with neurogenic bladder has also been noted. [45] [46] There are cancer causing papillomavirus genome that encodes two small proteins called E6 and E7 that mimic cancer causing oncogenes. The way they work is that they stimulate unnatural growth ...

  7. Cervical screening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_screening

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a cause of nearly all cases of cervical cancer. [6] Most women will successfully clear HPV infections within 18 months. Those that have a prolonged infection with a high-risk type (e.g. types 16, 18, 31, 45) are more likely to develop Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia , due to the effects that HPV has on ...

  8. Infectious causes of cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_causes_of_cancer

    HIV does not directly cause cancer, but it is associated with a number of malignancies, especially Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, anal cancer and cervical cancer. Kaposi's sarcoma is caused by human herpesvirus 8. AIDS-related cases of anal cancer and cervical cancer are commonly caused by human papillomavirus.

  9. Signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms_of_HIV/AIDS

    Invasive cervical cancer in HIV-infected women is also considered AIDS-defining; it is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). [ 33 ] In addition to the AIDS-defining tumors listed above, HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of certain other tumors, notably Hodgkin's disease , anal and rectal carcinomas , hepatocellular carcinomas , head ...